The Effects of Media on Motivation and Content Recall: Comparison of Computer- and Print-Based Instruction

Abstract

This study examined the effects of computer-based instruction (CBI) versus print-based instruction (PBI) on motivation, continuing motivation and content recall. A total of fifty-two 11th graders were randomly assigned to either a CBI group or a PBI group. The CBI and the PBI groups studied Lincoln's Decisions on the computer screen and in print text, respectively. After motivation and continuing motivation in both groups were measured with the Instructional Materials Motivation Survey, the immediate and delayed recall was measured with sixteen multiple-choice items. As expected, the results indicated that the CBI group showed significantly higher motivation and higher scores in the immediate recall over those of the PBI group, but the results of delayed recall were not significant between the two groups, and continuing motivation was difficult to interpret. These findings are discussed in terms of the motivational function of computers.