The blending effect of natural polysaccharides with nano-zirconia towards the removal of fluoride and arsenate from water

Author:

Shanika Fernando M.1,Wimalasiri A. K. D. V. K.1,Dziemidowicz Karolina2,Williams Gareth R2,Rasika Koswattage K.3,Dissanayake D. P.1,Nalin De Silva K. M.1ORCID,De Silva Rohini M.1ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Centre for Advanced Materials and Devices (CAMD), Department of Chemistry, University of Colombo, Colombo 00300, Sri Lanka

2. UCL School of Pharmacy, University College London, 29–39 Brunswick Square, London WCIN 1AX, UK

3. Faculty of Technology, University of Sabaragamuwa, 70140 Belihuloya, Sri Lanka

Abstract

Nano-zirconia (ZO) was synthesized using a microwave-assisted one-pot precipitation route. Two biopolymers, chitosan (CTS) and carboxymethyl cellulose were blended with ZO at different w/w ratios. The formulation with 30% w/w chitosan (ZO-CTS) was found to give enhanced uptake of F and As(V). ZO and the most effective ZO-CTS system were characterized using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. These confirmed the formation of a composite system containing nanoparticles of 50 nm in size, in which ZO was present in the amorphous form. It was observed that the combination of ZO with CTS improved the F and As(V) adsorption capacity most notably at pH 5.5. Fluoride adsorption by ZO-CTS followed the Freundlich isotherm model, with an adsorption capacity of 120 mg g −1 . Adsorption of As(V) by ZO-CTS could be fitted with both the Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models and was found to have a capacity of 14.8 mg g −1 . Gravity filtration studies conducted for groundwater levels indicated the effectiveness of ZO-CTS in adsorbing As(V) and F at a pH of 5.5. The ability of the ZO-CTS in removing Cd(II) and Pb(II) was also investigated, and no such enhancement was observed, and found the neat ZO was the most potent sorbent here.

Funder

National Research Council Sri Lanka

Publisher

The Royal Society

Subject

Multidisciplinary

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