Abstract
The expression “Osmotic Force” (from ωσμòς,
impulsio
) has reference to the endosmose and exosmose of Dutrochet. We may succeed in covering a solution of salt occupying the lower part of a glass jar by a stratum of pure water without much intermixture of the two liquids. A force, however, is thereby brought into action which carries up the salt in a gradual manner, dispersing it and ultimately producing a uniform mixture of the salt with the whole volume of water. The molecules of salt have the liquid condition when in solution as well as those of water itself, and we have in the experiment the contact of two different liquids, which must of necessity diffuse through each other, the molecules of a liquid being self-repellent, or subject to a force the same in kind but less in degree as that which gives to gases their elasticity and diffusibility.
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