Secure key distribution exploiting error rate criticality for radio frequency links

Author:

Stevens Christopher J.1,Allen Ben2ORCID,Brown Anthony K.34

Affiliation:

1. Department of Engineering Science, Oxford University, Oxford OX1 3PJ, UK

2. Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Surrey, Guildford, UK

3. Queen Mary, University of London, London, UK

4. University of Manchester, Manchester, UK

Abstract

We propose a method by which two radio frequency (RF) communication terminals exchange encryption keys or other data securely. This method draws on the approach developed for quantum key distribution (QKD) for detecting eavesdroppers but our method does not use any quantum properties at all. Instead, by exploiting the effects an eavesdropper has on channel stability, we explore a line-of-sight link radio in which data transfer rates are so high as to approach the Shannon limit. With very steep rises in bit error rate accompanying a small degradation of signal-to-noise limits for certain forward error correction codes, it becomes possible to infer the existence of an eavesdropper before they are able to obtain a complete key. We describe our method and analyse one possible implementation using low density parity check codes with quadrature phase shift keying modulation. The proposed technique is in principle far easier to implement than quantum-based approaches for RF and optical wireless links since the required hardware is readily available and the basic principles are well known and well understood. Finally, we show our method to have a higher key rate and spectral efficiency than those of QKD.

Publisher

The Royal Society

Subject

Multidisciplinary

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