Artificial intelligence explainability: the technical and ethical dimensions

Author:

McDermid John A.1ORCID,Jia Yan1,Porter Zoe1,Habli Ibrahim1

Affiliation:

1. Department of Computer Science, University of York, Deramore Lane, York YO10 5GH, UK

Abstract

In recent years, several new technical methods have been developed to make AI-models more transparent and interpretable. These techniques are often referred to collectively as ‘AI explainability’ or ‘XAI’ methods. This paper presents an overview of XAI methods, and links them to stakeholder purposes for seeking an explanation. Because the underlying stakeholder purposes are broadly ethical in nature, we see this analysis as a contribution towards bringing together the technical and ethical dimensions of XAI. We emphasize that use of XAI methods must be linked to explanations of human decisions made during the development life cycle. Situated within that wider accountability framework, our analysis may offer a helpful starting point for designers, safety engineers, service providers and regulators who need to make practical judgements about which XAI methods to employ or to require. This article is part of the theme issue ‘Towards symbiotic autonomous systems’.

Funder

Assuring Autonomy International Programme

University of York

Lloyds Register Foundation

Publisher

The Royal Society

Subject

General Physics and Astronomy,General Engineering,General Mathematics

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