Mathematical contributions to the theory of evolution.—On a form of spurious correlation which may arise when indices are used in the measurement of organs

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Abstract

(1) If the ratio of two absolute measurements on the same or different organs be taken it is convenient to term this ratio an index . If u = f 1 ( x , y ) and v = f 2 ( x , y ) be two functions of the three variables x, y, z , and these variables be selected at random so that there exists no correlation between x, y , y, z , or z, x , there will still be found to exist correlation between u and v . Thus a real danger arises when a statistical biologist attribntes the correlation between two functions like u and v to organic relationship. The particular case that is likely to occur is when u and v are indices with the same denominator for the correlation of indices seems at first sight a very plausible measure of organic correlation.

Publisher

The Royal Society

Subject

General Earth and Planetary Sciences,General Environmental Science

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