1. Faculty of Science and Information Technology, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, Bandar Seri Iskandar 31750, Perak, Malaysia
2. School of Computer Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 USM, Penang, Malaysia
3. College of Computer and Information System, Department of Computer Sciences, Pricenss Noura Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia