Comparison of the effectiveness of training methods for medical practitioners in Ukraine regarding anaphylaxis

Abstract

The incidence of аnaphylaxis is increasing worldwide. Therefore, it is crucial for medical practitioners to be aware of anaphylaxis symptoms and respond effectively. The purpose of this study was to assess the level of Ukrainian doctors’ knowledge regarding anaphylaxis, ability to recognise variable presentations of anaphylaxis, and knowledge of adrenaline administration depending on their form of training. A cross-sectional study was conducted between May 2023 and June 2023, involving physicians from different specialities, medical paramedics, medical students, and interns in Ukraine. A standardised anonymous questionnaire based on the European Academy of Allergy and Clinical Immunology guidelines for anaphylaxis (2021 update) was used to evaluate knowledge of clinical criteria for diagnosing and managing anaphylaxis. The study compared two groups: one with completed European Resuscitation Council courses in simulation centres (Group 1) and the other without such practical reinforcement (Group 2). Respondents primarily acquired knowledge about anaphylaxis during university studies and from Ukrainian guidelines, with only a minority referring to international guidelines. Approximately half of the participants completed European Resuscitation Council courses in simulation centres, suggesting the potential positive impact of practical reinforcement of theoretical knowledge. Group 1 demonstrated a higher percentage of recognising anaphylaxis in scenarios that combined symptoms of the respiratory and gastrointestinal systems without involving mucosal tissue and skin manifestations after exposure to a potential allergen, and they also provided more accurate responses regarding the route of adrenaline administration. Nonetheless, there was also a tendency for overdiagnosis by respondents in Group 1. The study revealed differences in the diagnosis and management of anaphylaxis among medical practitioners, with an advantage for those who completed European Resuscitation Council courses. Continuous education and simulation-based training are crucial for reducing anaphylaxis mortality and improving treatment outcomes