The influence of meteorological factors on the yield formation of naked oats under conditions of the Kirov region

Abstract

In 2019-2021 studies were carried out in the Kirov region in order to study the cultivars and lines of naked oats in terms of yield and elements of the productivity structure at the background of varying temperature and precipitation during the growing season and to identify promising ones for use in production. Four naked oat lines and the cv. Baget were studied in comparison with the standard cv. Vyatsky. Methods of descriptive and correlation analyses and Student's t-test were used. On average, over the years of the study the highest yield was 4.34 t/ha, the largest number of grains 42.78 pcs., the mass of grain per panicle 1.24 g and per plant 1.33 g. In 2021, it was the most unfavorable conditions over the years of the study (GTC = 0.11, the sum of effective temperatures of 1219.9 °C); the yield varied from 1.01 t/ha for the standard to 1.66 t/ha for the 4h12 line which had duration of growing season of 75...77 days. More favorable weather conditions during the growing season (GTC = 1.78, the sum of effective temperatures of 1634 °C) to form a high yield of up to 7.31 t/ha in cv. Baget and 7.28 t/ha in line 72h11 was in 2019, with a duration of growing season of 97...101 days. In 2020, the indicators were average: yield of 3.70...4.88 t/ha, the sum of effective temperatures of 1327 °C, GTC = 1.77. A positive effect was established of the temperature and precipitation, according to the GTC during the period from seedlings to ear formation, on the yield (r = 0.69...0.84) for all genotypes studied; and for the period from seedlings to waxy ripeness, it varied from significant (r = 0.81... 0.84 in cv. Baget and 63h11 line) to insignificant (r = 0.34...0.73 in lines 72h11, 4h12, 11h12o and standard). Line 4h12 is classified as promising for use in production in terms of the ability to form significantly higher yields in drought conditions relative to the standard (+ 0.65 t/ha) and other lines (+ 0.29...0.52 t/ha).