Study of soft wheat varieties in the southern part of the Volga-Vyatka region

Abstract

The article provides the results of studying the varieties of spring soft wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) of various ecological and geographical groups in the conditions of the Chuvash Republic for 2016-2019. The objects of the study were presentedby 72 varieties and variety samples of spring soft wheat of Russian and foreign selection (Belarus, Canada, USA, Kazakhstan,Germany, Poland, Ukraine and Australia). The Simbircit variety zoned in the Volga-Vyatka region (Russia) was used asstandard. Low adaptability of most of the studied varieties to the soil and climate conditions of the region due to the strongvariability of yield was established. Two Russian varieties Arhat and Icarus with a relatively high coefficient of adaptability(0.71-0.72) exceeded the standard variety in yield by 0.68 and 0.67 t/ha or 18.2 and 18.0 %, respectively. By productive bushiness (53.8-61.5 % higher than the standard), Binni (Australia), Mercana and Omskaya 41 (Russia) were distinguished; byplant height (10.6-14.7 %) – Ekada 113, Mercana and Yulia (Russia); by ear length (13.4-22.0 %) – Mutant ostistyj (Belarus),Raduga and Mis (Russia); by the number of grains in the ear (25.3-34.3 %) – Icar, Ekaterina and Agata (Russia); by weightof grains in the ear (14.8 %) – Arhat and Ekada 113 (Russia); by weight of 1000 grains (4.5 % higher than the standard) –Margarita (Russia). Twelve varieties with strong relation between yield and elements of productivity (R ˃ 0.7) have been selected.