Radiosynthesis of [11C]Ibrutinib via Pd-Mediated [11C]CO Carbonylation: Preliminary PET Imaging in Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis Mice

Abstract

Ibrutinib is a first-generation Bruton's tyrosine kinase (BTK) inhibitor that has shown efficacy in autoimmune diseases and has consequently been developed as a positron emission tomography (PET) radiotracer. Herein, we report the automated radiosynthesis of [11C]ibrutinib through 11C-carbonylation of the acrylamide functional group, by reaction of the secondary amine precursor with [11C]CO, iodoethylene, and palladium–NiXantphos. [11C]Ibrutinib was reliably formulated in radiochemical yields of 5.4% ± 2.5% (non-decay corrected; n = 9, relative to starting [11C]CO2), radiochemical purity >99%, and molar activity of 58.8 ± 30.8 GBq/μmol (1.55 ± 0.83 Ci/μmol). Preliminary PET/magnetic resonance imaging with [11C]ibrutinib in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) mice showed a 49% higher radioactivity accumulation in the spinal cord of mice with EAE scores of 2.5 vs. sham mice.