Integrating microbial 16S rRNA sequencing and non-targeted metabolomics to reveal sexual dimorphism of the chicken cecal microbiome and serum metabolome

Author:

Yang Yongxian,Zhang Fuping,Yu Xuan,Wang Liqi,Wang Zhong

Abstract

BackgroundThe gut microbiome plays a key role in the formation of livestock and poultry traits via serum metabolites, and empirical evidence has indicated these traits are sex-linked.MethodsWe examined 106 chickens (54 male chickens and 52 female chickens) and analyzed cecal content samples and serum samples by 16S rRNA gene sequencing and non-targeted metabolomics, respectively.ResultsThe cecal microbiome of female chickens was more stable and more complex than that of the male chickens. Lactobacillus and Family XIII UCG-001 were enriched in male chickens, while Eubacterium_nodatum_group, Blautia, unclassified_Anaerovoraceae, Romboutsia, Lachnoclostridium, and norank_Muribaculaceae were enriched in female chickens. Thirty-seven differential metabolites were identified in positive mode and 13 in negative mode, showing sex differences. Sphingomyelin metabolites possessed the strongest association with cecal microbes, while 11β-hydroxytestosterone showed a negative correlation with Blautia.ConclusionThese results support the role of sexual dimorphism of the cecal microbiome and metabolome and implicate specific gender factors associated with production performance in chickens.

Publisher

Frontiers Media SA

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