Impact of Food Matrices on Digestibility of Allergens and Poorly Allergenic Homologs

Author:

Akkerdaas J. H.,Cianferoni A.,Islamovic E.,Kough J.,Ladics G. S.,McClain S.,Poulsen L. K.,Silvanovich A.,Pereira Mouriès L.,van Ree R.

Abstract

BackgroundProtease resistance is considered a risk factor for allergenicity of proteins, although the correlation is low. It is nonetheless a part of the weight-of-evidence approach, proposed by Codex, for assessing the allergenicity risk of novel food proteins. Susceptibility of proteins to pepsin is commonly tested with purified protein in solution.ObjectiveFood proteins are rarely consumed in purified form. Our aim was to evaluate the impact of experimental and endogenous food matrices on protease susceptibility of homologous protein pairs with different degrees of allergenicity.MethodsPorcine and shrimp tropomyosin (ST) were subjected to sequential exposure to amylase, pepsin, and pancreatin in their respective endogenous matrix (pork tenderloin/boiled shrimp) and in three different experimental matrices (dessert mousse [DM], soy milk [SM], and chocolate bar [CB]). Digestion was monitored by immunoblotting using tropomyosin-specific antibodies. Recombinant peach and strawberry lipid transfer protein were biotinylated, spiked into both peach and strawberry fruit pulp, and subjected to the same sequential digestion protocol. Digestion was monitored by immunoblotting using streptavidin for detection.ResultsChocolate bar, and to a lesser extent SM, had a clear protective effect against pepsin digestion of porcine tropomyosin (PT) and to a lesser extent of ST. Increased resistance was associated with increased protein content. Spiking experiments with bovine serum albumin (BSA) confirmed the protective effect of a protein-rich matrix. The two tropomyosins were both highly resistant to pepsin in their protein-rich and lean native food matrix. Pancreatin digestion remained rapid and complete, independent of the matrix. The fat-rich environment did not transfer protection against pepsin digestion. Spiking of recombinant peach and strawberry lipid transfer proteins into peach and strawberry pulp did not reveal any differential protective effect that could explain differences in allergenicity of both fruits.ConclusionsProtein-rich food matrices delay pepsin digestion by saturating the protease. This effect is most apparent for proteins that are highly pepsin susceptible in solution. The inclusion of food matrices does not help in understanding why some proteins are strong primary sensitizers while homologs are very poor allergens. Although for induction of symptoms in food allergic patients (elicitation), a protein-rich food matrix that may contribute to increased risk, our results indicate that the inclusion of food matrices in the weight-of-evidence approach for estimating the potential risks of novel proteins to become allergens (sensitization), is most likely of very limited value.

Publisher

Frontiers Media SA

Subject

General Earth and Planetary Sciences

Reference31 articles.

1. Guideline for the conduct of food safety assessment of foods derived from recombinant-DNA plants;Codex Alimentarius;CAC/GL.,2003

2. Stability of food allergens to digestion in vitro;Astwood;Nat Biotechnol.,1996

3. Digestibility of food allergens and nonallergenic proteins in simulated gastric fluid and simulated intestinal fluid-a comparative study;Fu;J Agric Food Chem.,2002

4. Protein digestibility and relevance to allergenicity;Bannon;Environ Health Perspect.,2003

5. Establishing objective detection limits for the pepsin digestion assay used in the assessment of genetically modified foods;Ofori-Anti;Regul Toxicol Pharmacol.,2008

Cited by 8 articles. 订阅此论文施引文献 订阅此论文施引文献,注册后可以免费订阅5篇论文的施引文献,订阅后可以查看论文全部施引文献

同舟云学术

1.学者识别学者识别

2.学术分析学术分析

3.人才评估人才评估

"同舟云学术"是以全球学者为主线,采集、加工和组织学术论文而形成的新型学术文献查询和分析系统,可以对全球学者进行文献检索和人才价值评估。用户可以通过关注某些学科领域的顶尖人物而持续追踪该领域的学科进展和研究前沿。经过近期的数据扩容,当前同舟云学术共收录了国内外主流学术期刊6万余种,收集的期刊论文及会议论文总量共计约1.5亿篇,并以每天添加12000余篇中外论文的速度递增。我们也可以为用户提供个性化、定制化的学者数据。欢迎来电咨询!咨询电话:010-8811{复制后删除}0370

www.globalauthorid.com

TOP

Copyright © 2019-2024 北京同舟云网络信息技术有限公司
京公网安备11010802033243号  京ICP备18003416号-3