Experimental Study of Geometric Shape and Size of Sill Effects on the Hydraulic Performance of Sluice Gates

Abstract

The present research was conducted to investigate the effect of sill geometry and sill width on the discharge coefficient and hydraulic jump characteristics. For this purpose, sills with semi-cylindrical, cylindrical, pyramidal, and rectangular cube geometries with widths of 0.075, 0.10, 0.15, and 0.2 m were installed under a sluice gate. Results showed that increasing the sill width increased the sluice gate discharge coefficient compared to the no-sill mode. The results of placing a sill with different geometric shapes under a sluice gate indicate that using a semi-cylindrical sill increases the discharge coefficient. The ranked order of other sills, from the largest to smallest discharge coefficient, is: cylindrical, pyramidal, and rectangular cubic sills, respectively. The results show that the use of a sill increases the energy dissipation. Examining sills of different widths indicates that with increasing width, the increase in velocity and consequent decrease in the depth of the hydraulic jump causes an increase in energy loss. When employing sills of maximum width (b = 0.20 m) for pyramidal, semi-cylindrical, cylindrical, and rectangular shapes, the energy loss increased by 125, 119, 116, and 125% in section A, respectively. The semi-cylindrical sill is most effective in increasing the discharge coefficient, while the pyramidal sill is most effective for increasing energy dissipation.