Abstract
In this study, novel blends of mycelium biocomposites (MB) were developed. Various combinations of birch sawdust and hemp shives with birch bark (BB) and wheat bran (WB) additives were inoculated with basidiomycete Trametes versicolor to produce self-growing biomaterials. MB were characterized according to mycelial biomass increment in final samples, changes in chemical composition, elemental (C, H, N) analyses, granulometry of substrates, water-related and mechanical properties, as well as mold resistance and biodegradability. The mycelial biomass in manufactured MB increased by ~100% and ~50% in hemp and sawdust substrates, respectively. The lignocellulose ingredients during fungal growth were degraded as follows: cellulose up to 7% and 28% in sawdust and hemp substrates, respectively, and lignin in the range of 13% in both substrates. A larger granulometric fraction in hemp MB ensured higher strength property but weakened water absorption (600–880%) performance. Perspective MB combinations regarding strength performance were hemp/BB and pure hemp MB (σ10 0.19–0.20 MPa; E 2.9 MPa), as well as sawdust/WB combination (σ10 0.23 MPa; E 2.9 MPa). WB positively affected fungal biomass yield, but elevated water absorption ability. WB improved compressive strength in the sawdust samples but decreased it in the hemp samples. BB supplement reduced water absorption by more than 100% and increased the density of sawdust and hemp samples. All MB samples were susceptible to mold contamination after full water immersion, with identified fungal genera Rhizopus, Trichoderma and Achremonium. The MB exhibited high biodegradability after 12 weeks’ exposure in compost, and are therefore competitive with non-biodegradable synthetic foam materials.
Funder
European Regional Development Fund
Subject
General Materials Science
Reference45 articles.
1. Degradation Rates of Plastics in the Environment;Chamas;ACS Sustain. Chem. Eng.,2020
2. Environmental and Health Impacts of Air Pollution: A Review;Manisalidis;Front. Public Health,2020
3. Girometta, C., Picco, A.M., Baiguera, R.M., Dondi, D., Babbini, S., Cartabia, M., Pellegrini, M., and Savino, E. Physico-Mechanical and Thermodynamic Properties of Mycelium-Based Biocomposites: A Review. Sustainability, 2019. 11.
4. Zabel, R., and Morrell, J. Wood Microbiology. Decay and Its Prevention, 2020.
5. Degradation of cellulose by basidiomycetous fungi;Baldrian;FEMS Microbiol. Rev.,2008
Cited by
4 articles.
订阅此论文施引文献
订阅此论文施引文献,注册后可以免费订阅5篇论文的施引文献,订阅后可以查看论文全部施引文献