Feasibility Analysis of a Double-Acting Composite Cylinder in High-Pressure Loading Conditions for Fluid Power Applications

Abstract

A preliminary study on a double-acting hydraulic cylinder subject to high-pressure loading conditions (pressure = 350 bar) and with a bore diameter of 300 mm is presented. The substitution of the reference steel cylinder tube with a multi-material tube is investigated. In detail, a solution providing a steel thin inner liner wrapped by carbon composite materials is analytically and numerically tested in terms of weight reduction. The composite lay-up design and the component geometry are built to comply with manufacturing constraints for a relatively high-volume production. The alternative multi-material cylinder is designed to ensure the same expected performance as its steel counterpart. Firstly, the non-conventional hydraulic cylinder was designed by extending Lamé’s solution to composite materials, by adopting the micro-mechanics theory of composites in order to bear the maximum operating pressure by monitoring its radial and axial deformation. The selection of the most appropriate carbon reinforcement was investigated. The influence of the stiffness-to-weight and the strength-to-weight ratio of the reinforcement on the design is discussed. Secondly, finite element analyses were performed to evaluate the occurrence of buckling and the modal response of the actuator considering the fluid and of the cylinder own weight influence. The results confirm the validity of the new cylinder tube design compared to the reference steel component. The proposed barrel weights 80 kg compared to the 407 kg of the reference cylinder, with a weight reduction of ~80%. Furthermore, it has a compact design with a decrease of the barrel outer diameter of ~5.3%.