Metabolomic Profiling in Children with Celiac Disease: Beyond the Gluten-Free Diet

Author:

Martín-Masot Rafael12ORCID,Jiménez-Muñoz María1,Herrador-López Marta1ORCID,Navas-López Víctor Manuel1ORCID,Obis Elia3ORCID,Jové Mariona3ORCID,Pamplona Reinald3ORCID,Nestares Teresa24ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition Unit, Hospital Regional Universitario de Malaga, 29010 Málaga, Spain

2. Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology “José MataixVerdú” (INYTA), Biomedical Research Centre (CIBM), University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain

3. Department of Experimental Medicine, Lleida Biomedical Research Institute (IRBLleida), University of Lleida (UdL), 25198 Lleida, Spain

4. Department of Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain

Abstract

Celiac disease (CD) is included in the group of complex or multifactorial diseases, i.e., those caused by the interaction of genetic and environmental factors. Despite a growing understanding of the pathophysiological mechanisms of the disease, diagnosis is still often delayed and there are no effective biomarkers for early diagnosis. The only current treatment, a gluten-free diet (GFD), can alleviate symptoms and restore intestinal villi, but its cellular effects remain poorly understood. To gain a comprehensive understanding of CD’s progression, it is crucial to advance knowledge across various scientific disciplines and explore what transpires after disease onset. Metabolomics studies hold particular significance in unravelling the complexities of multifactorial and multisystemic disorders, where environmental factors play a significant role in disease manifestation and progression. By analyzing metabolites, we can gain insights into the reasons behind CD’s occurrence, as well as better comprehend the impact of treatment initiation on patients. In this review, we present a collection of articles that showcase the latest breakthroughs in the field of metabolomics in pediatric CD, with the aim of trying to identify CD biomarkers for both early diagnosis and treatment monitoring. These advancements shed light on the potential of metabolomic analysis in enhancing our understanding of the disease and improving diagnostic and therapeutic strategies. More studies need to be designed to cover metabolic profiles in subjects at risk of developing the disease, as well as those analyzing biomarkers for follow-up treatment with a GFD.

Funder

FEDER/Junta de Andalucía-Consejería de Transformación Económica, Industria, Conocimiento y Universidades

Excelencia

Association of Celiacs and Sensitive to Gluten of the Community of Madrid

Government of Catalonia: Agency for the Management of University and Resarch Grants

Nutrición y Ciencias de los Alimentos

Publisher

MDPI AG

Subject

Food Science,Nutrition and Dietetics

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