Advancements in the Synthesis and Functionalization of Zinc Oxide-Based Nanomaterials for Enhanced Oral Cancer Therapy

Author:

Pei Jinjin1,Natarajan Prabhu Manickam2ORCID,Umapathy Vidhya Rekha3ORCID,Swamikannu Bhuminathan4,Sivaraman Nandini Manickam5ORCID,Krishnasamy Lakshmi5,Palanisamy Chella Perumal6ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Qinba State Key Laboratory of Biological Resources and Ecological Environment, 2011 QinLing-Bashan Mountains Bioresources Comprehensive Development C. I. C., Shaanxi Province Key Laboratory of Bio-Resources, College of Bioscience and Bioengineering, Shaanxi University of Technology, Hanzhong 723001, China

2. Department of Clinical Sciences, d Centre of Medical and Bio-Allied Health Sciences and Research, College of Dentistry, Ajman University, Ajman P.O. Box 346, United Arab Emirates

3. Department of Public Health Dentistry, Thai Moogambigai Dental College and Hospital, Chennai 600 107, Tamil Nadu, India

4. Department of Prosthodontics, Sree Balaji Dental College and Hospital, Pallikaranai, Chennai 600 100, Tamil Nadu, India

5. Department of Microbiology, Sree Balaji Medical College and Hospital, Bharath University, Chennai 600 100, Tamil Nadu, India

6. Department of Chemical Technology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand

Abstract

The fabrication of zinc oxide-based nanomaterials (including natural and synthetic polymers like sulfated polysaccharide, chitosan, and polymethyl methacrylate) has potential to improve oral cancer treatment strategies. This comprehensive review explores the diverse synthesis methods employed to fabricate zinc oxide nanomaterials tailored for oral cancer applications. Several synthesis processes, particularly sol–gel, hydrothermal, and chemical vapor deposition approaches, are thoroughly studied, highlighting their advantages and limitations. The review also examines how synthesis parameters, such as precursor selection, the reaction temperature, and growth conditions, influence both the physicochemical attributes and biological efficacy of the resulting nanomaterials. Furthermore, recent advancements in surface functionalization and modification strategies targeted at improving the targeting specificity and pharmaceutical effectiveness of zinc oxide-based nanomaterials in oral cancer therapy are elucidated. Additionally, the review provides insights into the existing issues and prospective views in the field, emphasizing the need for further research to optimize synthesis methodologies and elucidate the mechanisms underlying the efficacy of zinc oxide-based nanoparticles in oral cancer therapy.

Funder

National Natural Science Foundation of China

Publisher

MDPI AG

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