Effect of Drying Kinetics, Volatile Components, Flavor Changes and Final Quality Attributes of Moslae herba during the Hot Air Thin-Layer Drying Process
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Published:2023-05-05
Issue:9
Volume:28
Page:3898
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ISSN:1420-3049
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Container-title:Molecules
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language:en
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Short-container-title:Molecules
Author:
Xie Min1, Chen Ying1, Sun Yong2ORCID, Gao Yarou1, Wu Zhenfeng1ORCID, Wu Ruiyu1, Li Rui1, Hong Shixi1, Wang Minyan1, Zou Yiping1, Zhang Hua13, Xiong Yaokun1
Affiliation:
1. Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, China 2. State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China 3. Department of Food Science, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada
Abstract
Moslae herba is considered to be a functional food ingredient or nutraceutical due to its rich bioactive components. The present research was carried out to investigate the effects of different temperatures (40 °C, 50 °C and 60 °C) on the drying characteristics, textural properties, bioactive compounds, flavor changes and final quality attributes of Moslae herba during the hot air-drying process. The results showed that the Midilli model could effectively simulate the drying process of Moslae herba. The effective moisture diffusivity ranged from 3.14 × 10−5 m2/s to 7.39 × 10−5 m2/s, and the activation energy was estimated to be 37.29 kJ/mol. Additionally, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images of Moslae herba samples showed the shrinkage of the underlying epidermal layers and glandular trichomes. In total, 23 volatile compounds were detected in Moslae herba. Among them, the content of thymol increased from 28.29% in fresh samples to 56.75%, 55.86% and 55.62% in samples dried at temperatures of 40 °C, 50 °C and 60 °C, respectively, while the other two components, p-cymene and γ-terpinene, decreased with an increase in the temperature. Furthermore, both radar fingerprinting and principal component analysis (PCA) of the electronic nose (E-nose) showed that the flavor substances significantly altered during the drying process. Eventually, drying Moslae herba at 60 °C positively affected the retention of total phenolics, total flavonoids and the antioxidant capacity as compared with drying at 40 °C and 50 °C. The overall results elucidated that drying Moslae herba at the temperature of 60 °C efficiently enhanced the final quality by significantly reducing the drying time and maintaining the bioactive compounds.
Funder
National Natural Science Foundation of China Jiangxi Outstanding Youth Fund Project Jiangxi Provincial Thousand Talents Plan Project first batch of school-level innovation teams of Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
Subject
Chemistry (miscellaneous),Analytical Chemistry,Organic Chemistry,Physical and Theoretical Chemistry,Molecular Medicine,Drug Discovery,Pharmaceutical Science
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