Effects of Flipped Classroom on Learning Outcomes and Satisfaction: An Experiential Learning Perspective

Abstract

This article explores the flipped-classroom learning cycle and traditional blended-learning cycle from the experiential learning-theory perspective, according to which we proposed three teaching strategies: high-flipped classroom (high-FC), low-flipped classroom (low-FC), and Traditional Blended Learning (traditional BL). And, the three teaching strategies are adopted in the course of Enterprise Resource Planning System. The purpose is to investigate the effects of learning outcomes and satisfaction among high-FC, traditional BL, and low-FC. This research adopts a quasi-experimental method. The sample for the study is a compulsory course of the Information Management Department of the University of Science and Technology in Taiwan, with a total of 94 students in two classes. There are several research conclusions. (1) The three groups of t test results found that there are significant differences in the learning outcomes of the system skills. high-FC is better than low-FC, low-FC is better than traditional BL, and high-FC is better than traditional BL. However, there are no significant differences in the learning outcomes of process knowledge. (2) The results of ANOVA testing showed that students have the highest perceived learning outcomes for high-FC, followed by low-FC and traditional BL. (3) The results of ANOVA testing showed that students have the highest perceived learning satisfaction in high-FC, followed by low-FC, and the lowest is traditional BL. (4) The t test result shows that students are more satisfied with preview e-learning than review e-learning. The study findings provide several implications. (1) It is feasible to implement flipped classrooms from the perspective of experiential-learning theory. (2) Fully flipped classrooms have practical difficulties. A partially flipped classroom (high-FC or low-FC) can be a feasible gradual strategy. (3) Flipped classrooms and e-learning support each other’s sustainable development. (4) The flipped classroom based on experiential learning theoretical perspective has obtained preliminary verification in the ERP-system course.