First Epidemiological Survey on the Prevalence and Subtypes Distribution of the Enteric Parasite Blastocystis sp. in Vietnam
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Published:2023-03-12
Issue:3
Volume:11
Page:731
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ISSN:2076-2607
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Container-title:Microorganisms
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language:en
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Short-container-title:Microorganisms
Author:
Nguyen Linh Do Ngoc1, Gantois Nausicaa2ORCID, Hoang Trung Thanh1, Do Bong Thi1, Desramaut Jeremy2, Naguib Doaa3ORCID, Tran Tuan Ngoc1, Truong Anh Duc1, Even Gaël45ORCID, Certad Gabriela26ORCID, Chabé Magali2ORCID, Viscogliosi Eric2ORCID
Affiliation:
1. Family Hospital, 73 Nguyen Huu Tho Street, Da Nang 550000, Vietnam 2. Univ. Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1019–UMR 9017–CIIL–Centre d’Infection et d’Immunité de Lille, F-59000 Lille, France 3. Department of Hygiene and Zoonoses, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt 4. GD Biotech-Gènes Diffusion, F-59000 Lille, France 5. PEGASE-Biosciences (Plateforme d’Expertises Génomiques Appliquées aux Sciences Expérimentales), Institut Pasteur de Lille, F-59000 Lille, France 6. Délégation à la Recherche Clinique et à l’Innovation, Groupement des Hôpitaux de l’Institut Catholique de Lille, F-59000 Lille, France
Abstract
Although Blastocystis sp. is the most common enteric protozoan in human stools worldwide, various geographical areas remain to be investigated regarding the frequency and circulation of this parasite. Such is the case of some developing countries in Southeast Asia that exhibit a higher risk for parasitic infections due to unsanitary conditions. While several epidemiological surveys have been conducted, for instance, in Thailand, little or no data are available from neighboring countries, such as Vietnam. Therefore, in order to determine the prevalence and subtype (ST) distribution of Blastocystis sp. and to clarify the transmission of the parasite, the first molecular epidemiological survey ever conducted in this country was performed. For this purpose, a total of 310 stool specimens were collected from patients enrolled at the Family Hospital of Da Nang and then tested for the presence of Blastocystis sp. by real-time Polymerase Chain Reaction (qPCR), followed by subtyping of the isolates. The overall prevalence of the parasite reached 34.5% in this Vietnamese cohort. No significant association was found between parasite infection and gender, age, symptomatic status, contact with animals or source of drinking water. Out of the 107 positive patients, nearly half presented mixed infections. Therefore, some of the corresponding samples were reanalyzed by end-point PCR, followed by PCR products cloning and sequencing. Of the 88 total subtyped isolates, ST3 was predominant, followed by ST10, ST14, ST7, ST1, ST4, ST6 and ST8. Our study was, thus, the first to report ST8, ST10 and ST14 in the Southeast Asian population. The predominance of ST3 within this Vietnamese cohort, coupled with its low intra-ST genetic variability, reflected a large inter-human transmission, while ST1 transmission was suggested to be not only anthroponotic, but also likely correlated to animal or environmental sources. Strikingly, isolates considered of animal origin (ST6-ST8, ST10 and ST14) accounted for more than 50% of the subtyped isolates. These findings improved our knowledge of the epidemiology and circulation of Blastocystis sp. in Southeast Asia, and in particular, in Vietnam, and highlighted both a major burden of the parasite in this country and a high risk of zoonotic transmission, mainly from poultry and livestock.
Funder
French Embassy in Vietnam Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale Institut Pasteur of Lille University of Lille Science and Technology Development Fund French Institute in Egypt
Subject
Virology,Microbiology (medical),Microbiology
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