Differential Responses of Bacterial and Fungal Communities to Siderophore Supplementation in Soil Affected by Tobacco Bacterial Wilt (Ralstonia solanacearum)

Author:

Shen Yunxin12,Zhao Jiangyuan3,Zou Xuefeng12,Shi Zhufeng2,Liao Yongqin12,He Yonghong1,Wang Hang4,Chen Qibin1,Yang Peiweng2,Li Minggang3

Affiliation:

1. College of Plant Protection, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 655508, China

2. Institute of Agricultural Environment and Resources, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming 650204, China

3. Yunnan Institute of Microbiology, Yunnan University, Kunming 650106, China

4. National Plateau Wetlands Research Center, Wetlands College, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650233, China

Abstract

Siderophores secreted by microorganisms can promote ecological efficiency and could be used to regulate the unbalanced microbial community structure. The influence of the siderophore activity of Trichoderma yunnanense strain 2-14F2 and Beauveria pseudobassiana strain (2-8F2) on the physiological/biochemical functions and community structure of soil microbes affected by tobacco bacterial wilt (TBW) was studied. DNS Colorimetry and Biolog-eco plates were used to quantify the impacts of strain siderophores on soil enzyme activities and microbial metabolism. Based on Illumina MiSeq high-throughput sequencing, the soil 16S rDNA and ITS sequences were amplified to dissect the response characteristics of alpha/beta diversity and the structure/composition of a soil microbial community toward siderophores. The KEGG database was used to perform the PICRUSt functional prediction of the microbial community. We found that siderophores of 2-14F2 and 2-8F2, at certain concentrations, significantly increased the activities of sucrase (S-SC) and urease (S-UE) in the TBW soil and enhanced the average well color development (AWCD, carbon source utilization capacity) of the microbial community. The metabolic capacity of the diseased soil to amino acids, carbohydrates, polymers, aromatics, and carboxylic acids also increased significantly. The response of the bacterial community to siderophore active metabolites was more significant in alpha diversity, while the beta diversity of the fungal community responded more positively to siderophores. The relative abundance of Actinobacteria, Chloroflexi, and Acidobacteria increased and was accompanied by reductions in Proteobacteria and Firmicutes. LEfSe analysis showed that Pseudonocardiaceae, Gemmatimonas, Castellaniella, Chloridiumand and Acrophialophora altered the most under different concentrations of siderophore active metabolites. The PICRUSt functional prediction results showed that siderophore increased the abundance of the redox-related enzymes of the microbial community in TBW soil. The BugBase phenotypic prediction results showed that the siderophore activity could decrease the abundance of pathogenic bacteria. The study concludes that siderophore activity could decrease the abundance of pathogenic bacteria and regulate the composition of the microbial community in TBW soil. The activities of sucrase (S-SC) and urease (S-UE) in TBW soil were significantly increased. Overall, the siderophore regulation of community structures is a sustainable management strategy for soil ecosystems.

Funder

Major Science and Technology Project of Yunnan Province

Applied Basic Research Project of Yunnan Province

National Natural Science Foundation

Publisher

MDPI AG

Subject

Virology,Microbiology (medical),Microbiology

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