Neutralizing Antibodies against 10 SARS-CoV-2 Variants at Two Years Post-COVISHIELD Vaccination with Special Reference to Omicron Subvariants and Booster Administration

Author:

Patil Rajashree1ORCID,Palkar Sonali2,Mishra Akhileshchandra1ORCID,Arankalle Vidya1

Affiliation:

1. Department of Translational Virology, Interactive Research School for Health Affairs, Bharati Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be) University, Pune 411043, Maharashtra, India

2. Department of Pediatrics, Bharati Vidyapeeth Medical College, Bharati Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be) University, Pune 411043, Maharashtra, India

Abstract

To study the durability of neutralizing antibodies (NAbs) against ten SARS-CoV-2 variants among COVISHIELD vaccine recipients from Pune, India, 184 vaccinee samples with (pre-positives) or without (pre-negatives) prior antibody positivity were evaluated. To estimate NAb levels, a validated ten-plex MSD ACE2 neutralization assay was used. NAbs against Alpha, Beta, Delta, and Omicron/subvariants were assessed at 1 month (PD2-1) and 6 months (PD2-6) post-vaccination, post-booster dose, and 2 years (2Y) post-vaccination. In pre-negatives, the seropositivity declined from PD2-1 to PD2-6 for all variants (Omicron variants: 14–54% to 0%; non-Omicron variants: 66–100% to 8–44%). In pre-positives, the decline in seropositivity from PD2-1 to PD2-6 was seen only for Omicron variants (14–39%). At PD2-6, a significant reduction in NAb levels was observed in all vaccinees against all the variants. Irrespective of prior exposure, the diminished anti-variant antibody levels at PD2-6 increased significantly following the administration of the booster. In conclusion, the COVISHIELD vaccine booster dose did provide cross-neutralizing antibodies against broad-range SARS-CoV-2 variants with improved durability up to [16 (15–18)] months post-booster dose and two years post-vaccination.

Funder

Department of Biotechnology—Biotechnology Industry Research Assistance Council (DBT-BIRAC), India, under MISSION COVID SURAKSHA

Publisher

MDPI AG

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