Transmission Line Fault Classification Based on the Combination of Scaled Wavelet Scalograms and CNNs Using a One-Side Sensor for Data Collection

Abstract

This research focuses on leveraging wavelet transform for fault classification within electrical power transmission networks. This study meticulously examines the influence of various parameters, such as fault resistance, fault inception angle, fault location, and other essential components, on the accuracy of fault classification. We endeavor to explore the interplay between classification accuracy and the input data while assessing the efficacy of combining wavelet analysis with deep learning methodologies. The data, sourced from network recorders, including phase currents and voltages, undergo a scaled continuous wavelet transform (S-CWT) to generate scalogram images. These images are subsequently utilized as inputs for pretrained deep learning models. The experiments encompass various fault scenarios, spanning distinct fault types, locations, times, and resistance values. A remarkable feature of the proposed work is the attainment of 100% classification accuracy, obviating the need for additional algorithmic enhancements. The foundation of this achievement is the deliberate selection of the right input. The decision to employ an identical number of samples as the number of scales for the CWT emerges as a pivotal factor. This approach underpins the high accuracy and renders supplementary algorithms superfluous. Furthermore, this research underscores the versatility of this approach, showcasing its effectiveness across diverse networks and scenarios. Wavelet transform, after rigorous experimentation, emerges as a reliable tool for capturing transient fault characteristics with an optimal balance between time and frequency resolutions.