A Gelatin Methacrylate-Based Hydrogel as a Potential Bioink for 3D Bioprinting and Neuronal Differentiation

Author:

Cruz Elisa Marozzi1,Machado Lucas Simões1ORCID,Zamproni Laura Nicoleti1ORCID,Bim Larissa Valdemarin1ORCID,Ferreira Paula Scanavez1,Pinto Leonardo Alves2,Pessan Luiz Antonio2,Backes Eduardo Henrique2ORCID,Porcionatto Marimélia Aparecida1ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Department of Biochemistry, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo 04039-032, Brazil

2. Department of Materials Engineering, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos 13565-905, Brazil

Abstract

Neuronal loss is the ultimate pathophysiologic event in central nervous system (CNS) diseases and replacing these neurons is one of the most significant challenges in regenerative medicine. Providing a suitable microenvironment for new neuron engraftment, proliferation, and synapse formation is a primary goal for 3D bioprinting. Among the various biomaterials, gelatin methacrylate (GelMA) stands out due to its Arg-Gly-Asp (RGD) domains, which assure its biocompatibility and degradation under physiological conditions. This work aimed to produce different GelMA-based bioink compositions, verify their mechanical and biological properties, and evaluate their ability to support neurogenesis. We evaluated four different GelMA-based bioink compositions; however, when it came to their biological properties, incorporating extracellular matrix components, such as GeltrexTM, was essential to ensure human neuroprogenitor cell viability. Finally, GeltrexTM: 8% GelMA (1:1) bioink efficiently maintained human neuroprogenitor cell stemness and supported neuronal differentiation. Interestingly, this bioink composition provides a suitable environment for murine astrocytes to de-differentiate into neural stem cells and give rise to MAP2-positive cells.

Funder

São Paulo Research Foundation

National Council for Scientific and Technological Development

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior

Publisher

MDPI AG

Subject

Pharmaceutical Science

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