Exploiting Nanomedicine for Cancer Polychemotherapy: Recent Advances and Clinical Applications

Author:

Boggio Elena1ORCID,Gigliotti Casimiro Luca1ORCID,Stoppa Ian1,Pantham Deepika1,Sacchetti Sara12,Rolla Roberta12ORCID,Grattarola Margherita3,Monge Chiara4,Pizzimenti Stefania3ORCID,Dianzani Umberto12,Dianzani Chiara4ORCID,Battaglia Luigi45ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Dipartimento di Scienze della Salute, Università del Piemonte Orientale, 28100 Novara, Italy

2. Ospedale Universitario Maggiore della Carità, 28100 Novara, Italy

3. Dipartimento di Scienze Cliniche e Biologiche, Università degli Studi di Torino, Corso Raffaello 30, 10125 Torino, Italy

4. Dipartimento di Scienza e Tecnologia del Farmaco, Università degli Studi di Torino, 10125 Torino, Italy

5. Centro Interdipartimentale Nanostructured Interfaces and Surfaces (NIS) Interdepartmental Centre, Università degli Studi di Torino, 10124 Torino, Italy

Abstract

The most important limitations of chemotherapeutic agents are severe side effects and the development of multi-drug resistance. Recently, the clinical successes achieved with immunotherapy have revolutionized the treatment of several advanced-stage malignancies, but most patients do not respond and many of them develop immune-related adverse events. Loading synergistic combinations of different anti-tumor drugs in nanocarriers may enhance their efficacy and reduce life-threatening toxicities. Thereafter, nanomedicines may synergize with pharmacological, immunological, and physical combined treatments, and should be increasingly integrated in multimodal combination therapy regimens. The goal of this manuscript is to provide better understanding and key considerations for developing new combined nanomedicines and nanotheranostics. We will clarify the potential of combined nanomedicine strategies that are designed to target different steps of the cancer growth as well as its microenvironment and immunity interactions. Moreover, we will describe relevant experiments in animal models and discuss issues raised by translation in the human setting.

Funder

Associazione Italiana per la Ricerca sul Cancro, Milan, Italy

Compagnia di San Paolo

Fondazione Cariplo

University of Turin

Publisher

MDPI AG

Subject

Pharmaceutical Science

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