Procedural Memory Deficits in Preschool Children with Developmental Language Disorder in a Spanish-Speaking Population

Author:

Sanhueza Soraya1,Urrutia Mabel2,Marrero Hipólito3

Affiliation:

1. Facultad de Humanidades y Arte, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción 4070386, Chile

2. Facultad de Educación, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción 4070386, Chile

3. Facultad de Psicología y Logopedia, Universidad de La Laguna, 38200 La Laguna, Spain

Abstract

This study aimed to compare procedural learning skills between Spanish-speaking preschool children (ages 4 years to 4 years, 11 months) with developmental language disorder (DLD) and their chronologically matched typically developing (TD) peers. Using the serial reaction time (SRT) task, participants (30 children with DLD and 30 TD children) responded to visual stimuli in a sequenced manner over four blocks, followed by a random order block. The task assessed reaction time (RT) and accuracy. The results showed a significant interaction between group and block for RT and accuracy, with children with DLD exhibiting longer RTs and accuracy deficits across blocks. In contrast, the TD group showed higher RT efficiency and accuracy in the sequential blocks and, as expected, decreased performance in the random block according to the experimental manipulation. Overall, the results of this investigation suggest that there was no implicit learning in the DLD group, as indicated by the SRT task paradigms of procedural memory. These findings align with some aspects of the procedural deficit hypothesis (PDH), which suggests that linguistic deficits in the DLD population may derive from a deficit in sequential learning from the procedural memory system domain in the Spanish context.

Funder

ANID/FONDECYT

PIA-CONICYT Basal

Publisher

MDPI AG

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