CEACAM6’s Role as a Chemoresistance and Prognostic Biomarker for Pancreatic Cancer: A Comparison of CEACAM6’s Diagnostic and Prognostic Capabilities with Those of CA19-9 and CEA

Abstract

Survival rates from pancreatic cancer have remained stagnant for decades due to the heterogenic nature of the disease. This study aimed to find a new advanced biomarker and evaluate its clinical capabilities, thus enabling more individualised pancreatic cancer management. Between 2013 and 2020, 267 patients were included in the study. Surgically collected pancreatic tissue samples were analysed via high-definition mass spectrometry. Carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecule 6 (CEACAM6) was discovered as a possible promising pancreatic cancer biomarker. The predominance of CEACAM6 to pancreatic cancer was validated using antibodies in tissue samples. CEACAM6, carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA19-9), and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) blood serum concentrations were evaluated for clinical evaluation and comparison. Kaplan–Meier survival analyses were used to evaluate disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS). Poorer overall survival was significantly dependent on increased CEACAM6 blood serum concentrations (17.0 vs. 12.6 months, p = 0.017) in pancreatic cancer patients after radical treatment and adjuvant chemotherapy. Increased CEA and CA19-9 concentrations showed no significant dependencies with survival. Thus, CEACAM6 is a promising new biomarker with significant prognostic value and prediction of chemoresistance properties, enabling the improvement of individualised approaches to patients with pancreatic cancer.