The Significance of Low Magnesium Levels in COVID-19 Patients
Author:
Coman Adorata Elena1ORCID, Ceasovschih Alexandr2ORCID, Petroaie Antoneta Dacia1, Popa Elena1ORCID, Lionte Cătălina3ORCID, Bologa Cristina23, Haliga Raluca Ecaterina23ORCID, Cosmescu Adriana1, Slănină Ana Maria1ORCID, Bacușcă Agnes Iacinta1, Șorodoc Victorița23ORCID, Șorodoc Laurențiu23
Affiliation:
1. Preventive Medicine and Interdisciplinarity Department, Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy Iasi, 700115 Iasi, Romania 2. 2nd Internal Medicine Department, Sf. Spiridon Clinical Emergency Hospital, 700111 Iasi, Romania 3. Internal Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania
Abstract
Magnesium is the fourth most common mineral in the human body and the second richest intracellular cation. This element is necessary for many physiological reactions, especially in the cardiovascular and respiratory systems. COVID-19 is an infectious disease caused by SARS-CoV-2. The majority of people who become ill as a result of COVID-19 have mild-to-moderate symptoms and recover without specific treatment. Moreover, there are people who develop severe forms of COVID-19, which require highly specialized medical assistance. Magnesium deficiency may play a role in the pathophysiology of infection with SARS-CoV-2. The primary manifestation of COVID-19 remains respiratory, but the virus can spread to other organs and tissues, complicating the clinical picture and culminating in multiorgan failure. The key mechanisms involved in the disease include direct viral cytotoxicity, endothelial dysfunction, and exaggerated release of inflammatory cytokines. The aim of this review was to summarize the available data regarding the role of magnesium in COVID-19 patients and its particularities in different clinical settings.
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