Analysis Indicators of Health-Safety in the Risk Assessment of Landfill with the Combined Method of Fuzzy Multi-Criteria Decision Making and Bow Tie Model

Abstract

The study and analysis of safety, health and environmental indicators in the risk assessment of landfill sites are essential to improving performance and reducing injuries. This study is essential in identifying effective criteria and providing useful solutions for proper waste control and management. In Gilan province, 2200 tons of waste enter landfills every day, and this has created a lot of pollution in the area. The methodology of this research was chosen using the opinions of experts and the Delphi technique. Factors affecting the risk assessment in the construction and operation phases were investigated in two phases. The risks of a landfill project were identified by combining (FANP) and (FTOPSIS) using a multi-criteria decision bow tie technique to rank and prioritize criteria. The results show that urban landfills are one of the environmental risk factors in cities. They often contaminate water sources. This has caused a disturbance in the stability of ecological systems. Using the bow tie model can control and prevent environmental health-safety risks caused by urban waste disposal. This can be a threat and a big factor in the destruction of ecosystem resources and services. The integrated approach used in this study provides a flexible tool for evaluating and developing municipal landfills. The risk assessment study proves that the most involved areas in the landfill are environment and health-safety, respectively. Socio-economic and cultural fields are in the next categories. Due to their nature and working process, lancets face many environmental, safety and health risks. The integrated approach (FANP) and (FTOPSIS) with bow ties are suitable methods for risk assessment in landfills. It is very important to use the bow tie technique in analyzing, examining and prioritizing risk sources for management and also control measures such as preventing and limiting high-risk sources.