Analysis of Topographic Feature Parameters of Dinosaur Valley Ring Tectonic Geomorphology Based on the Advanced Land Observing Satellite Digital Elevation Model (ALOS DEM)

Abstract

Geomorphological surveys and terrain analysis are essential for geomorphology, hydrology, and geographic information systems (GIS). Terrain characterization parameters are fundamental for comprehending geomorphological processes, delineating landforms, and evaluating geohazards. Hence, this study relies on data from the Gaofen-2 satellite (GF-2) and the Advanced Land Observing Satellite Digital Elevation Model (ALOS DEM). Focusing on the ring tectonics landform of Dinosaur Valley, the research utilizes visual interpretation, GIS terrain parameter extraction techniques, and visual mapping to identify, measure, and analyze terrain features. The results indicate that ALOS DEM can offer accurate geomorphic feature information. The optimal threshold for extracting the surface water system network is 150, and the optimal analysis window for extracting terrain feature parameters is 16 × 16 (0.04 km2), determined through statistical methods. This study reveals distinct double-ring linear features and prominent ring-shaped terrain characteristics by extracting terrain feature parameters and utilizing mathematical and statistical analysis. The topography gradually ascends from the center to the ridgeline and then descends to the valley line, resembling a bowl shape. This study highlights the potential application of ALOS DEM for accurately identifying topographic features in the intricate mountains of the Yunnan Plateau. It establishes a practical research framework for high-precision topographic datasets and geomorphological characterization, facilitating further analysis of the evolution of topographic development and the assessment of tectonic activity.