Impact of Stabilization Method and Filtration Step on the Ester Profile of “Brandy de Jerez”

Author:

Muñoz-Redondo José Manuel1,Puertas Belén2ORCID,Valcárcel-Muñoz Manuel José3ORCID,Rodríguez-Solana Raquel1ORCID,Moreno-Rojas José Manuel1ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Department of Agroindustry and Food Quality, Andalusian Institute of Agricultural and Fisheries Research and Training (IFAPA), Alameda del Obispo, Avda Menéndez Pidal, 14004 Córdoba, Spain

2. Department of Agroindustry and Food Quality, Andalusian Institute of Agricultural and Fisheries Research and Training (IFAPA), Cañada de la Loba, 11471 Jerez de la Frontera, Cádiz, Spain

3. Bodegas Fundador, S.L.U., 11403 Jerez de la Frontera, Cádiz, Spain

Abstract

Brandy stabilization is an important step aimed at decanting the suspended organic and inorganic particles that may cause undesirable turbidity (cloudiness or haze) in brandies, affecting the physico-chemical stability, the organoleptic characteristics, and the consumer’s quality perception of the brandy. This phenomenon originates from insoluble salts, volatile compounds (higher alcohols, fatty acid esters, and others), and ethanol-soluble lignins. Among them, ethyl esters of long-chain fatty acids are considered the main cause of haze formation, due to a decrease in their solubility when brandies are stored at low temperatures. For this reason, producers are recommended to intentionally encourage the formation of haze and then to remove it before releasing the brandy to the market. The purpose of this work was to study the influence of two methods of stabilization, the traditional method at room temperature for 1 year, and cold stabilization for 7 days at −10 °C, on the ester profile of “Brandy de Jerez”. The results were compared with non-stabilized samples, to determine the main changes in the volatile composition. The use of multivariate statistical analyses made it possible to identify the esters (potential markers) most impacted by the stabilization process. It was observed that traditional stabilization yielded the most distinct ester profile, while brandies stabilized at cold temperature displayed a lower impact on their volatile composition. Furthermore, both stabilization processes produced a significant decrease in ethyl esters of long-chain fatty acids, which are the compounds responsible for haze formation.

Funder

Spanish Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities

Andalusian Institute of Agricultural and Fisheries Research and Training

BESTBRANDY

European Social Fund

Youth Employment Initiative

Publisher

MDPI AG

Subject

Fluid Flow and Transfer Processes,Computer Science Applications,Process Chemistry and Technology,General Engineering,Instrumentation,General Materials Science

Reference33 articles.

1. Union European Parliament and of the Council (2019). Regulation (EC) No 2019/787 of 17 April 2019, on the Definition, Description, Presentation and Labelling of Spirit Drinks, the Use of the Names of Spirit Drinks in the Presentation and Labelling of Other Foodstuffs, the Protection of Geographical Indications for Spirit Drinks, the Use of Ethyl Alcohol and Distillates of Agricultural Origin in Alcoholic Beverages, and Repealing Regulation (EC) No 110/2008, Union European Parliament and of the Council.

2. Boletín Oficial la Junta Andalucía (2018). Consejería de Agricultura Pesca y Desarrollo Rural. Orden de 28 de Junio de 2018, por la que se aprueba el expediente técnico de Indicación Geográfica “Brandy de Jerez”. BOJA Histórico, 127, 19–20.

3. Antioxidant Activity of Brandy de Jerez and Other Aged Distillates, and Correlation with Their Polyphenolic Content;Schwarz;Food Chem.,2009

4. The Application of Sheet Filters in Treatment of Fruit Brandy after Cold Stabilization;Razmovski;Acta Period. Technol.,2013

5. Influence of Cold Stabilisation and Chill Membrane Filtration on Volatile Compounds of Apricot Brandy;Food Bioprod. Process.,2013

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