Chemical Composition and Mechanical Properties of Wood after Thermal Modification in Closed Process under Pressure in Nitrogen

Author:

Grinins Juris1ORCID,Sosins Guntis1,Brazdausks Prans1,Zicans Janis2

Affiliation:

1. Latvian State Institute of Wood Chemistry, 27 Dzerbenes Street, LV-1006 Riga, Latvia

2. Institute of Polymer Materials, Faculty of Materials Science and Applied Chemistry, Riga Technical University, 3/7 Paula Valdena Street, LV-1048 Riga, Latvia

Abstract

In this study, silver birch (Betula pendula) and Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) wood planks (1000 × 100 × 25 mm) were thermally modified in pilot-scale equipment. Research extended our knowledge of the thermal modification (TM) process in a closed system under nitrogen pressure, as well as how process parameters affect the chemical composition and mechanical strength of wood. Various TM regimes were selected—maximum temperature (150–180 °C), modification time (30–180 min), and initial nitrogen pressure (3–6 bar). Chemical analyses were performed to assess the amount of extractives, lignin, polysaccharides and acetyl group content following the TM process. The mechanical properties of TM wood were characterized using the modulus of rupture (MOR), modulus of elasticity (MOE), and Brinell hardness. The MOR of both studied wood species following TM in nitrogen was reduced, but MOE changes were insignificant. The Brinell hardness of TM birch wood’s tangential surface was much higher than that of the radial surface, although Scots pine wood showed the opposite pattern. TM birch and pine wood specimens with the highest mass loss, acetone soluble extractive amount, and the lowest xylan and acetyl group content had the lowest MOR and Brinell hardness.

Funder

Latvian State Institute of Wood Chemistry Bio-economy

Publisher

MDPI AG

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