Systematic Review: The Development of Behavioral Laterality Across the First Year of Life in Nonhuman Primates

Abstract

Unlike in human research, infants are poorly represented in the literature on nonhuman primate laterality. Studies have traditionally measured adults, a trend captured by prior reviews. The extent of the knowledge gaps related to laterality measured early in the lifespan is unknown. As a starting point, this systematic review examined the evidence on behavioral laterality across the first year of life in nonhuman primates using the PRISMA guidelines. The inclusion criteria were at least one measure of behavioral laterality in at least one subject < 1 year old. Database searches were conducted in PsycINFO, PubMed, and OVID Medline using the filterNHP search builder tool, and additional records were identified through citation searching. Two independent reviewers screened abstracts and full texts; 47 articles were retained (0 prosimian, 6 platyrrhine, 27 catarrhine, and 14 ape studies). Macaca and Pan were overrepresented. Nipple preference was the most-studied behavior, followed by hand preference. Modifying how data are collected and analyzed will increase developmental rigor in primate studies. To facilitate comparisons with the human infant literature, we suggest measuring a behavior more than once to test for change or continuity in preference over time and measuring different behaviors at different timepoints to test for potential developmental cascades.