Fabrication and Evaluation of Basil Essential Oil-Loaded Halloysite Nanotubes in Chitosan Nanocomposite Film and Its Application in Food Packaging

Abstract

Increasing health concerns regarding the use of plasticware have led to the development of ecofriendly biodegradable packaging film from natural polymer and food additives. In the present study, basil essential oil (BEO) loaded halloysite nanotubes (HNTs) composite films were synthesized using a solution casting method. The effects of BEO and nanotube concentration on the mechanical, physical, structural, barrier, and antioxidant properties of films were evaluated. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) demonstrated well-dispersed HNTs and BEO in tailored composite films. The addition of BEO in Chitosan (Ch) film caused darkening of the film color; furthermore, the incorporation of HNTs in varied concentrations increased opaqueness in Ch/BEO film. The Ch/BEO film, upon adding HNTs 5–30 wt%, exhibited a corresponding increase in the film thickness (0.108–0.135 mm) when compared with the Ch/BEO film alone (0.081 mm). The BEO-loaded HNTs composite films displayed reduced moisture content and characteristic barrier and UV properties. The Ch/BEO film with 15 wt% HNTs was found to have enhanced antioxidant activity. The Ch/BEO/HNTs composite also managed to prevent broccoli florets from losing weight and firmness during storage. The enhanced barrier and antioxidant qualities of the nanocomposite film suggest its potential application in the food processing and packaging sector. This is the first ever report on the fabrication of nanocomposite film using BEO and HNTs for food packaging. The low production cost and ecofriendly approach make the film acceptable for further research and commercialization thereafter.