Affiliation:
1. Institute of Biology, University of Szczecin, 13 Wąska, 71-415 Szczecin, Poland
2. Institute of Marine and Environmental Sciences, University of Szczecin, Adama Mickiewicza 16, 70-383 Szczecin, Poland
Abstract
Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is one of the most important crops worldwide, and, as a resilient cereal, it grows in various climatic zones. Due to changing climatic conditions and naturally occurring environmental fluctuations, the priority problem in the cultivation of wheat is to improve the quality of the crop. Biotic and abiotic stressors are known factors leading to the deterioration of wheat grain quality and to crop yield reduction. The current state of knowledge on wheat genetics shows significant progress in the analysis of gluten, starch, and lipid genes responsible for the synthesis of the main nutrients in the endosperm of common wheat grain. By identifying these genes through transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics studies, we influence the creation of high-quality wheat. In this review, previous works were assessed to investigate the significance of genes, puroindolines, starches, lipids, and the impact of environmental factors, as well as their effects on the wheat grain quality.
Subject
Inorganic Chemistry,Organic Chemistry,Physical and Theoretical Chemistry,Computer Science Applications,Spectroscopy,Molecular Biology,General Medicine,Catalysis
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