53BP1: Keeping It under Control, Even at a Distance from DNA Damage

Author:

Rass EmilieORCID,Willaume SimonORCID,Bertrand Pascale

Abstract

Double-strand breaks (DSBs) are toxic lesions that can be generated by exposure to genotoxic agents or during physiological processes, such as during V(D)J recombination. The repair of these DSBs is crucial to prevent genomic instability and to maintain cellular homeostasis. Two main pathways participate in repairing DSBs, namely, non-homologous end joining (NHEJ) and homologous recombination (HR). The P53-binding protein 1 (53BP1) plays a pivotal role in the choice of DSB repair mechanism, promotes checkpoint activation and preserves genome stability upon DSBs. By preventing DSB end resection, 53BP1 promotes NHEJ over HR. Nonetheless, the balance between DSB repair pathways remains crucial, as unscheduled NHEJ or HR events at different phases of the cell cycle may lead to genomic instability. Therefore, the recruitment of 53BP1 to chromatin is tightly regulated and has been widely studied. However, less is known about the mechanism regulating 53BP1 recruitment at a distance from the DNA damage. The present review focuses on the mechanism of 53BP1 recruitment to damage and on recent studies describing novel mechanisms keeping 53BP1 at a distance from DSBs.

Funder

Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer

Association for Research against Cancer

AT Europe Association

CEA Radiobiology Program

EDF

INSERM

Université Paris Cité

Université Paris-Saclay house funding

Fondation pour la Recherche Medicale fellowship

CEA “Phare” fellowship

Fondation ARC fellowship

Publisher

MDPI AG

Subject

Genetics (clinical),Genetics

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