Use of Remotely Piloted Aircraft System Multispectral Data to Evaluate the Effects of Prescribed Burnings on Three Macrohabitats of Pantanal, Brazil

Author:

Pineda Valles Harold E.1ORCID,Nunes Gustavo Manzon1ORCID,Berlinck Christian Niel2,Gonçalves Luiz Gustavo3,Ribeiro Gabriel Henrique Pires de Mello4ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Faculty of Forestry Engineering, Federal University of Mato Grosso, LabSensoR—Remote Sensing and Geotechnologies Laboratory, Postgraduate Program in Forest and Environmental Sciences, Cuiabá Campus, Av. Fernando Corrêa da Costa, 2367, Boa Esperança, Cuiabá 78060-900, MT, Brazil

2. National Research Center for Carnivores Conservation, Chico Mendes Institute for the Conservation of Biodiversity, Estrada Municipal Hisaichi Takebayashi 8600, Atibaia 12952-011, SP, Brazil

3. Chapada dos Guimarães National Park, Chico Mendes Institute for the Conservation of Biodiversity, Rodovia Emanuel Pinheiro (MT-251)—km 50, Chapada dos Guimarães 78195-000, MT, Brazil

4. Faculty of Forestry Engineering, Federal University of Mato Grosso, Cuiabá Campus, Av. Fernando Corrêa da Costa, 2367, Boa Esperança, Cuiabá 78060-900, MT, Brazil

Abstract

The controlled use of fires to reduce combustible materials in prescribed burning helps to prevent the occurrence of forest fires. In recent decades, these fires have mainly been caused by anthropogenic activities. The study area is located in the Pantanal biome. In 2020, the greatest drought in 60 years happened in the Pantanal. The fire affected almost one third of the biome. The objective of this study is to evaluate the effect of prescribed burnings carried out in 2021 on three macrohabitats (M1: natural grassland flooded with a proliferation of Combretum spp., M2: natural grassland of seasonal swamps, and M3: natural grassland flooded with a proliferation of Vochysia divergens) inside the SESC Pantanal Private Natural Heritage Reserve. Multispectral and thermal data analyses were conducted with remotely piloted aircraft systems in 1 ha plots in three periods of the dry season with early, mid, and late burning. The land use and land cover classification indicate that the predominant vegetation type in these areas is seasonally flooded grassland, with percentages above 73%, except in zone three, which has a more diverse composition and structure, with the presence of arboreal specimens of V. divergem Pohl. The pattern of the thermal range showed differentiation pre- and post-burning. The burned area index indicated that fire was more efficient in the first two macrohabitats because they are natural grasslands, reducing the grass species in the burnings. Early and mid prescribed burnings are a good option to reduce the continuous accumulation of dry forest biomass fuel material and help to promote landscape heterogeneity. The use of multispectral sensor data with high spatial/spectral resolution can show the effects of fires, using highly detailed scales for technical decision making.

Funder

Assessment of the effect of fire on biodiversity and soil, contributions to the establishment of Integrated Fire Management in the Pantanal

Ministry of Science and Technology

Organization of American States

Group of International Cooperation of Brazilian Universities

Division of Educational Issues of the Ministry of External Relations of Brazil

call for proposals of the OAS-GCUB

Publisher

MDPI AG

Subject

General Earth and Planetary Sciences

Reference109 articles.

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