Estimation of Rate Constants and Mixing Characteristics in Flotation Columns

Abstract

The effect of mixing in a flotation column has long been recognized as an important factor in determining the performance of flotation. The paper presents the effects of mixing on the rate constant in a flotation column, and the establishment of relationships based on vessel dispersion numbers (Nd) that can describe axial dispersion. The rate constants were evaluated using models of plug flow, fully mixed tanks, and axial mixing for a coal cleaning operation. Results showed that fine particles are similar between each model; however, for coarse particles, the deviation is large in the case of perfect mixing, while axial mixing is suitable. It reveals the suitability of using an axial dispersion model for estimating the rate constants, particularly for coarser particles. A regression equation to determine the flotation rate constant was also developed with Nd values between 0.2 to 0.5. The ratio of particles to liquid the residence times time (τp/τL) decreases with particle size from small sizes to coarser sizes. Axial dispersion is increased by the superficial gas velocity while is suppressed by the wash water. The relationship between calculated and observed Nd can be used with a 94% accuracy for the coal cleaning application within the range of operating conditions of superficial gas velocity (0.7–1.6 cm/s), superficial wash water velocity (0.1–0.4 cm/s), and Hc/dc (26.8–32.7). The empirical relationship of Nd with significant variables along with the aspect ratio of the column was found to be applicable for coal beneficiation. It may be useful in terms of design and scale up of the columns.