Integrated Metabolome and Transcriptome Analyses Reveal Amino Acid Biosynthesis Mechanisms during the Physiological Maturity of Grains in Yunnan Hulled Wheat (Triticum aestivum ssp. yunnanense King)
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Published:2023-08-30
Issue:17
Volume:24
Page:13475
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ISSN:1422-0067
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Container-title:International Journal of Molecular Sciences
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language:en
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Short-container-title:IJMS
Author:
Zhang Chuanli12, Zhang Ping1, Zhang Xuesong1, Wang Qianchao1, Liu Junna1, Li Li1, Cheng Shunhe1, Qin Peng1
Affiliation:
1. College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China 2. College of Tropical Crops, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China
Abstract
Yunnan hulled wheat (YHW) possesses excellent nutritional characteristics; however, the precise amino acid (AA) composition, contents, and molecular mechanisms underlying AA biosynthesis in YHW grains remain unclear. In this study, we aimed to perform metabolomic and transcriptomic profiling to identify the composition and genetic factors regulating AA biosynthesis during the physiological maturation of grains of two YHW genotypes, Yunmai and Dikemail, with high and low grain protein contents, respectively. A total of 40 and 14 differentially accumulated amino acids (AAs) or AA derivatives were identified between the waxy grain (WG) and mature grain (MG) phenological stages of Yunmai and Dikemail, respectively. The AA composition differed between WG and MG, and the abundance of AAs—especially that of essential AAs—was significantly higher in WG than in MG (only 38.74–58.26% of WG). Transcriptome analysis revealed differential regulation of structural genes associated with the relatively higher accumulation of AAs in WG. Weighted gene co-expression network analysis and correlation analyses of WG and MG indicated differences in the expression of clusters of genes encoding both upstream elements of AA biosynthesis and enzymes that are directly involved in AA synthesis. The expression of these genes directly impacted the synthesis of various AAs. Together, these results contribute to our understanding of the mechanism of AA biosynthesis during the different developmental stages of grains and provide a foundation for further research to improve the nutritional value of wheat products.
Funder
National Natural Science Foundation of China Major Program of National Agricultural Science and Technology of China Yunnan Expert Workstation
Subject
Inorganic Chemistry,Organic Chemistry,Physical and Theoretical Chemistry,Computer Science Applications,Spectroscopy,Molecular Biology,General Medicine,Catalysis
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