Entropy Generation and MHD Convection within an Inclined Trapezoidal Heated by Triangular Fin and Filled by a Variable Porous Media

Abstract

Analyses of the entropy of a thermal system that consists of an inclined trapezoidal geometry heated by a triangular fin are performed. The domain is filled by variable porosity and permeability porous materials and the working mixture is Al2O3-Cu hybrid nanofluids. The porosity is varied exponentially with the smallest distance to the nearest wall and the permeability is depending on the particle diameter. Because of using the two energy equations model (LTNEM), sources of the entropy are entropy due to the transfer of heat of the fluid phase, entropy due to the fluid friction and entropy due to the porous phase transfer of heat. A computational domain with new coordinates (ξ,η) is created and Finite Volume Method (FVM) in case of the non-orthogonal grids is used to solve the resulting system. Various simulations for different values of the inclination angle, Hartmann number and alumina-copper concentration are carried out and the outcomes are presented in terms of streamlines, temperature, fluid friction entropy and Bejan number. It is remarkable that the increase in the inclination angle causes a diminishing of the heat transfer rate. Additionally, the irreversibility due to the temperature gradients is dominant near the heated fins, regardless of the values of the Hartmann number.