Biomechanical Effects of Different Sitting Postures and Physiologic Movements on the Lumbar Spine: A Finite Element Study

Author:

Cho Mingoo1,Han Jun-Sang2ORCID,Kang Sungwook1ORCID,Ahn Chang-Hwan2,Kim Dong-Hee3ORCID,Kim Chul-Hyun24,Kim Kyoung-Tae56ORCID,Kim Ae-Ryoung24ORCID,Hwang Jong-Moon24ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Precision Mechanical Process and Control R&D Group, Korea Institute of Industrial Technology, Jinju-si 52845, Republic of Korea

2. Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu 41944, Republic of Korea

3. Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Gyeongsang National University, College of Medicine, Jinju-si 52727, Republic of Korea

4. Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41944, Republic of Korea

5. Department of Neurosurgery, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu 41944, Republic of Korea

6. Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41944, Republic of Korea

Abstract

This study used the finite element method(FEM) to investigate how pressure on the lumbar spine changes during dynamic movements in different postures: standing, erect sitting on a chair, slumped sitting on a chair, and sitting on the floor. Three load modes (flexion, lateral bending, and axial rotation) were applied to the FEM, simulating movements of the lumbar spine. Results showed no significant difference in pressure distribution on the annulus fiber and nucleus pulposus, representing intradiscal pressure, as well as on the cortical bone during movements between standing and erect sitting postures. However, both slumped sitting on a chair and sitting on the floor postures significantly increased pressure on the nucleus pulposus, annulus fibrosus, and cortical bone in all three movements when compared to standing or erect sitting on a chair. Notably, sitting on the floor resulted in even higher pressure on the nucleus pulposus and annulus fibers compared to slumped sitting on a chair. The decreased lumbar lordosis while sitting on the floor led to the highest increase in pressure on the annulus fiber and nucleus pulposus in the lumbar spine. In conclusion, maintaining an erect sitting position with increased lumbar lordosis during seated activities can effectively reduce intradiscal pressure and cortical bone stress associated with degenerative disc diseases and spinal deformities.

Funder

National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) grant funded by the Korean government

Biomedical Research Institute grant, Kyungpook National University Hospital

Publisher

MDPI AG

Subject

Bioengineering

Reference53 articles.

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