Virulence and Antimicrobial Resistance Profiles of Shiga Toxin-Producing Escherichia coli from River Water and Farm Animal Feces near an Agricultural Region in Northwestern Mexico

Author:

Amézquita-López Bianca A.1,Soto-Beltrán Marcela1ORCID,Lee Bertram G.2ORCID,Bon-Haro Edgar F.1ORCID,Lugo-Melchor Ofelia Y.3ORCID,Quiñones Beatriz2ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Facultad de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa, Culiacán 80030, Sinaloa, Mexico

2. Produce Safety and Microbiology Research Unit, Western Regional Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Albany, CA 94710, USA

3. Centro de Investigación y Asistencia en Tecnología y Diseño del Estado de Jalisco (CIATEJ), Guadalajara 44270, Jalisco, Mexico

Abstract

Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) are zoonotic enteric pathogens linked to human gastroenteritis worldwide. To aid the development of pathogen control efforts, the present study characterized the genotypic diversity and pathogenic potential of STEC recovered from sources near agricultural fields in Northwest Mexico. Samples were collected from irrigation river water and domestic animal feces in farms proximal to agricultural fields and were subjected to enrichment followed by immunomagnetic separation and plating on selective media for the recovery of the STEC isolates. Comparative genomic analyses indicated that the recovered STEC with the clinically relevant serotypes O157:H7, O8:H19, and O113:H21 had virulence genes repertoires associated with host cell adherence, iron uptake and effector protein secretion. Subsequent phenotypic characterization revealed multidrug resistance against aminoglycoside, carbapenem, cephalosporin, fluoroquinolone, penicillin, phenicol, and tetracycline, highlighting the need for improved surveillance on the use of antimicrobials. The present study indicated for the first time that river water in the agricultural Culiacan Valley in Mexico is a relevant key route of transmission for STEC O157 and non-O157 with a virulence potential. In addition, feces from domestic farm animals near surface waterways can act as potential point sources of contamination and transport of diverse STEC with clinically relevant genotypes.

Funder

Autonomous University of Sinaloa

United States Department of Agriculture

Publisher

MDPI AG

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4. Huang, S.W. (2022, June 01). Imports Contribute to Year-Round Fresh Fruit Availability, U.S. Department of Agriculture-Economic Research Service Report FTS-356-01, Available online: http://www.ers.usda.gov/media/1252296/fts-356-01.pdf.

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