Elevational Variation in and Environmental Determinants of Fungal Diversity in Forest Ecosystems of Korean Peninsula

Author:

Chen Lei1,Yu Zhi2,Zhao Mengchen1,Kerfahi Dorsaf3,Li Nan4,Shi Lingling5,Qi Xiwu6,Lee Chang-Bae78,Dong Ke9ORCID,Lee Hae-In7,Lee Sang-Seob1

Affiliation:

1. Department of Integrative Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea

2. Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea

3. Department of Biological Sciences, School of Natural Sciences, Keimyung University, Daegu 42601, Republic of Korea

4. Key Laboratory of Climate, Resources and Environment in Continental Shelf Sea and Deep Sea of Department of Education of Guangdong Province, Department of Oceanography, Key Laboratory for Coastal Ocean Variation and Disaster Prediction, College of Ocean and Meteorology, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524091, China

5. Department of Geosciences, Geo-Biosphere Interactions, Faculty of Sciences, University of Tuebingen, 72074 Tuebingen, Germany

6. Jiangsu Key Laboratory for the Research and Utilization of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China

7. Biodiversity and Ecosystem Functioning Major, Department of Climate Technology Convergence, Forest Carbon Graduate School, Kookmin University, Seoul 02707, Republic of Korea

8. Department of Forestry, Environment and Systems, College of Science and Technology, Kookmin University, Seoul 02707, Republic of Korea

9. Department of Biological Sciences, Kyonggi University, Suwon 16227, Republic of Korea

Abstract

Exploring species diversity along elevational gradients is important for understanding the underlying mechanisms. Our study focused on analyzing the species diversity of fungal communities and their subcommunities at different trophic and taxonomic levels across three high mountains of the Korean Peninsula, each situated in a different climatic zone. Using high-throughput sequencing, we aimed to assess fungal diversity patterns and investigate the primary environmental factors influencing fungal diversity. Our results indicate that soil fungal diversity exhibits different elevational distribution patterns on different mountains, highlighting the combined effects of climate, soil properties, and geographic topology. Notably, the total and available phosphorus contents in the soil emerged as key determinants in explaining the differences in diversity attributed to soil properties. Despite the varied responses of fungal diversity to elevational gradients among different trophic guilds and taxonomic levels, their primary environmental determinants remained remarkably consistent. In particular, total and available phosphorus contents showed significant correlations with the diversity of the majority of the trophic guilds and taxonomic levels. Our study reveals the absence of a uniform diversity pattern along elevational gradients, underscoring the general sensitivity of fungi to soil conditions. By enriching our understanding of fungal diversity dynamics, this research enhances our comprehension of the formation and maintenance of elevational fungal diversity and the response of microbial communities in mountain ecosystems to climate change. This study provides valuable insights for future ecological studies of similar biotic communities.

Funder

Korea Government

Ministry of Health & Welfare and Ministry of Science and ICT, Republic of Korea

Guangxi Natural Science Foundation

National Natural Science Foundation of China

‘One Hundred Talents’ Project of Guangxi

Publisher

MDPI AG

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