The Possible Role of Food and Diet in the Quality of Life in Patients with COPD—A State-of-the-Art Review

Author:

Fekete Mónika1ORCID,Csípő Tamás1ORCID,Fazekas-Pongor Vince1,Bálint Madarász1ORCID,Csizmadia Zoltán2,Tarantini Stefano345ORCID,Varga János Tamás6ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, 1089 Budapest, Hungary

2. Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pécs, 7621 Pécs, Hungary

3. Department of Neurosurgery, The University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA

4. Department of Health Promotion Sciences, College of Public Health, The University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA

5. Peggy and Charles Stephenson Oklahoma Cancer Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA

6. Department of Pulmonology, Semmelweis University, 1083 Budapest, Hungary

Abstract

Diet has been described as a modifiable risk factor for the development and progression of chronic diseases, and emerging evidence increasingly points to its preventive and therapeutic role in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). While the relationship between the underlying disease and diet is natural in conditions such as metabolic disorders, obesity, diabetes, etc., the direct effect is not so evident in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Poor diet quality and the development of nutrient deficiencies in respiratory diseases, including COPD, can be associated with disease-specific factors such as the exacerbation of respiratory symptoms. These symptoms can be improved by dietary interventions, leading to positive changes in the pathogenesis of the disease and the quality of life of patients. Therefore, our aim was to review the latest randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of dietary interventions in chronic respiratory patients and describe their effects on respiratory function, physical activity, systemic inflammatory parameters, and quality of life. We conducted a literature search on dietary interventions for COPD patients in the PubMed, ClinicalTrials.gov, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) databases, focusing on publications from 1 July 2018 to 1 July 2023. We used specific keywords and MESH terms, focusing on RCTs. A total of 26 articles and 1811 COPD patients were included in this review. On the basis of our findings, dietary interventions, in particular components of the Mediterranean diet such as protein, omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, and vegetables, appear to have beneficial effects in patients with chronic respiratory diseases, and their application is beneficial. However, long-term follow-up studies are still needed to examine the effects of dietary interventions in this patient population.

Funder

National Research, Development and Innovation Fund

Ministry for Innovation and Technology

European University for Well-Being (EUniWell) program

National Institute on Aging

NIA-supported Geroscience Training Program in Oklahoma

NIA-supported Oklahoma Nathan Shock Center

NIGMS-supported Center of Biomedical Research Excellence

Publisher

MDPI AG

Subject

Food Science,Nutrition and Dietetics

Reference114 articles.

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