Effects of the Incorporation of Distinct Cations in Titanate Nanotubes on the Catalytic Activity in NOx Conversion

Abstract

Effects of the incorporation of Cr, Ni, Co, Ag, Al, Ni and Pt cations in titanate nanotubes (NTs) were examined on the NOx conversion. The structural and morphological characterizations evidenced that the ion-exchange reaction of Cr, Co, Ni and Al ions with the NTs produced catalysts with metals included in the interlayer regions of the trititanate NTs whereas an assembly of Ag and Pt nanoparticles were either on the nanotubes surface or inner diameters through an impregnation process. Understanding the role of the different metal cations intercalated or supported on the nanotubes, the optimal selective catalytic reduction of NOx by CO reaction (SCR) conditions was investigated by carrying out variations in the reaction temperature, SO2 and H2O poisoning and long-term stability runs. Pt nanoparticles on the NTs exhibited superior activity compared to the Cr, Co and Al intercalated in the nanotubes and even to the Ag and Ni counterparts. Resistance against SO2 poisoning was low on NiNT due to the trititanate phase transformation into TiO2 and also to sulfur deposits on Ni sites. However, the interaction between Pt2+ from PtOx and Ti4+ in the NTs favored the adsorption of both NOx and CO enhancing the catalytic performance.