Non-Canonical Functional Differential Equation of Fourth-Order: New Monotonic Properties and Their Applications in Oscillation Theory

Abstract

In the present article, we iteratively deduce new monotonic properties of a class from the positive solutions of fourth-order delay differential equations. We discuss the non-canonical case in which there are possible decreasing positive solutions. Then, we find iterative criteria that exclude the existence of these positive decreasing solutions. Using these new criteria and based on the comparison and Riccati substitution methods, we create sufficient conditions to ensure that all solutions of the studied equation oscillate. In addition to having many applications in various scientific domains, the study of the oscillatory and non-oscillatory features of differential equation solutions is a theoretically rich field with many intriguing issues. Finally, we show the importance of the results by applying them to special cases of the studied equation.