Genotype Combinations Drive Variability in the Microbiome Configuration of the Rhizosphere of Maize/Bean Intercropping System

Author:

Lanzavecchia Giovanna1ORCID,Frascarelli Giulia1ORCID,Rocchetti Lorenzo1,Bellucci Elisa1,Bitocchi Elena1,Di Vittori Valerio1,Sillo Fabiano2ORCID,Ferraris Irene3,Carta Giada3ORCID,Delledonne Massimo3ORCID,Nanni Laura1,Papa Roberto1ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Department of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Sciences, Marche Polytechnic University, 60131 Ancona, Italy

2. National Research Council of Italy, Institute for Sustainable Plant, Strada delle Cacce 73, 10135 Torino, Italy

3. Department of Biotechnologies, Strada le Grazie 15, 37134 Verona, Italy

Abstract

In an intercropping system, the interplay between cereals and legumes, which is strongly driven by the complementarity of below-ground structures and their interactions with the soil microbiome, raises a fundamental query: Can different genotypes alter the configuration of the rhizosphere microbial communities? To address this issue, we conducted a field study, probing the effects of intercropping and diverse maize (Zea mays L.) and bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L., Phaseolus coccineus L.) genotype combinations. Through amplicon sequencing of bacterial 16S rRNA genes from rhizosphere samples, our results unveil that the intercropping condition alters the rhizosphere bacterial communities, but that the degree of this impact is substantially affected by specific genotype combinations. Overall, intercropping allows the recruitment of exclusive bacterial species and enhances community complexity. Nevertheless, combinations of maize and bean genotypes determine two distinct groups characterized by higher or lower bacterial community diversity and complexity, which are influenced by the specific bean line associated. Moreover, intercropped maize lines exhibit varying propensities in recruiting bacterial members with more responsive lines showing preferential interactions with specific microorganisms. Our study conclusively shows that genotype has an impact on the rhizosphere microbiome and that a careful selection of genotype combinations for both species involved is essential to achieve compatibility optimization in intercropping.

Funder

Marche Polytechnic University

Publisher

MDPI AG

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