The Role of Cytokines in Neutrophil Development, Tissue Homing, Function and Plasticity in Health and Disease

Author:

Tsioumpekou Maria1,Krijgsman Daniëlle12,Leusen Jeanette H. W.1ORCID,Olofsen Patricia A.1ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Center for Translational Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, 3584 CX Utrecht, The Netherlands

2. Center for Molecular Medicine, University Medical Center Utrecht, 3584 CX Utrecht, The Netherlands

Abstract

Neutrophils are crucial innate immune cells and comprise 50–70% of the white blood cell population under homeostatic conditions. Upon infection and in cancer, blood neutrophil numbers significantly increase because of the secretion of various chemo- and cytokines by, e.g., leukocytes, pericytes, fibroblasts and endothelial cells present in the inflamed tissue or in the tumor microenvironment (TME). The function of neutrophils in cancer has recently gained considerable attention, as they can exert both pro- and anti-tumorigenic functions, dependent on the cytokine milieu present in the TME. Here, we review the effect of cytokines on neutrophil development, tissue homing, function and plasticity in cancer and autoimmune diseases as well as under physiological conditions in the bone marrow, bloodstream and various organs like the spleen, kidney, liver, lung and lymph nodes. In addition, we address several promising therapeutic options, such as cytokine therapy, immunocytokines and immunotherapy, which aim to exploit the anti-tumorigenic potential of neutrophils in cancer treatment or block excessive neutrophil-mediated inflammation in autoimmune diseases.

Funder

Dutch Cancer Society

Health Holland

Publisher

MDPI AG

Subject

General Medicine

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