Evaluation of Transport and Location Policies to Realize the Carbon-Free Urban Society

Abstract

The Japanese Government has declared that it will become carbon-free by 2050. Urban planning to realize a carbon-free society is proposed in the context of urban transport policy, which are policies to agglomerate urban facilities and link among them by public transport. However, transport and location policies to regulate land use are afraid to generate an economic loss. It is important to evaluate not only the effects of reducing GHG emissions but also economic influence. In this paper, we built the Computable General Equilibrium and Urban Economic (CGEUE) model, which modeled the transport and location behavior of each economic agent for a detailed area explicitly. We evaluated some transport and location policies such as (1) conversion from fossil fuel vehicles to electric vehicles, (2) improvement of public transport, (3) environmental tax and (4) making city compact by using the CGEUE model. As a result, it can be concluded that the combination policy of improving the public transport policy and environmental tax is the most effective under the conditions of these simulation results.